Once you have checked out some of the destinations that you will feel will make a good home be sure to prepare yourself for talks with any landlords as generally if you are new to a country and haven't already sorted yourself with work then it can be quite a scary prospect for a potential landlord. But there are certainly ways of getting around this, for example offering to pay rent in a longer duration that what would be the norm is a good way of restoring confidence if this is a realistic option for you.
It really can vary depending on your native country and what is required for you to become a resident though if you check out the Chile visa page it will be able to point you in the right direction of what to expect. Once you're at the point of a handshake with the new landlord you want to check over all the small print before you put that signature down for good.
It may be small details such as their standpoint regarding animals or something that holds a little more weight, either way the smart idea is to get all of this cleared out before you settle somewhere as it can be quite a difficult conversation down the line.
Find some form of public transportation and have the map handy to do a bit of scouting around so you can get a feel of what area is more "your style" and then ask at local restaurants and shops what they would recommend, it might not produce a result on every corner but if you don't ask you don't get.
As a general rule the cheaper a place is, the more likely it will be in a bad area that is safe to say common knowledge but there are other factors that will contribute to the value of an apartment for example the condition of the building. So be sure to write up a list of potentials and don't always rule out the cheap option because sometimes pleasant surprises can be found.
Good websites include: www.chileinvestments.com